Sum this up solution codechef
You are given an array AA with NN positive elements A1,A2,…,ANA1,A2,…,AN. You are also given a function SS on any array CC with length NN defined as follow:
S(C)S(C) = ∑i=1N(Ci−1+Ci+12−Ci)∑i=1N(Ci−1+Ci+12−Ci)
Note that conventionally, we define all elements outside the range of the array to have value 00. In this context, C0=CN+1=0C0=CN+1=0.
Consider the following process:
- Choose a permutation PP of values from 11 to NN uniformly randomly.
- Let BB be the array of NN elements B1,B2,…,BNB1,B2,…,BN, where Bi=APiBi=APi.
Define VV as the expected value of |S(B)||S(B)|. Find ⌊V⌋⌊V⌋.
Note :
- |X||X| denotes absolute value of XX
- ⌊X⌋⌊X⌋ is the greatest integer that does not exceed XX.
Input Format
- The first line of the input contains an integer TT – the number of test cases. The test cases then follow.
- The first line of each test case contains an integer NN – the size of array.
- The second line of each test case contains NN integers A1,A2,…,ANA1,A2,…,AN – the elements of the array.
Output Format
For each testcase, output ⌊V⌋⌊V⌋ in a new line.
Constraints
- 1≤T≤101≤T≤10
- 1≤N≤2⋅1051≤N≤2⋅105
- 1≤Ai≤2⋅1051≤Ai≤2⋅105
Sample Input 1
2
2
1 1
3
8 2 2
Sample Output 1
1
4
Explanation
- Test case 22:
- With P=[1,2,3]P=[1,2,3] or P=[1,3,2]P=[1,3,2], we obtain B=[8,2,2]B=[8,2,2], which has |S(B)|=|(0+22−8)+(8+22−2)+(2+02−2)|=5|S(B)|=|(0+22−8)+(8+22−2)+(2+02−2)|=5.
- With P=[2,1,3]P=[2,1,3] or P=[3,1,2]P=[3,1,2], we obtain B=[2,8,2]B=[2,8,2], which has |S(B)|=|(0+82−2)+(2+22−8)+(8+02−2)|=2|S(B)|=|(0+82−2)+(2+22−8)+(8+02−2)|=2.
- With P=[2,3,1]P=[2,3,1] or P=[3,2,1]P=[3,2,1], we obtain B=[2,2,8]B=[2,2,8], which has |S(B)|=|(0+22−2)+(2+82−2)+(2+02−8)|=5|S(B)|=|(0+22−2)+(2+82−2)+(2+02−8)|=5.
Therefore V=5+5+2+2+5+56=4V=5+5+2+2+5+56=4. We output ⌊V⌋=4